Tecnipul | Glass fiber Reinforced Polyester

Composites


Composite

Composite is the combination of two components, mainly resin and reinforcing fiber.

In this compound, different types of resin can be used such as: Polyester, for Standard applications, Vinylester, for applications with chemical requirements, Epoxy when high mechanical properties are necessary and Acrylic, when there are fire resistance requirements. Furthermore, there are different types of reinforcing fibers; the most used are glass fibers, but also carbon fibers when the structural requirements are high.

In addition, the composite can incorporate other materials such as additives, fillers and pigments, which are used to achieve different properties such as resistance to UV rays, fire resistance, or a specific color.

Pultrusion

Pultrusion

Pultrusion is an automated continuous production process of profiles reinforced with fiberglass, that allows manufacture any type of longitudinal profile with a good finished surface.

In the pultrusion process, the fibers are impregnated with thermosetting resin that reacts chemically when heat is applied. The polymerization and curing process is carried out inside a closed mould whose internal geometry will give the desired shape to the profile.



Material properties

MATERIAL SPECIFIC WEIGHT TENSILE STRENGTH ELASTIC MODULE COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
[g/cm 3 ] [MPa] [GPa] [K -1] [W/mK]
WOOD 0.7 80 12 14 x 10 -6 0.1
PVC 1.4 70 3 85 x 10 -6 0.1
GFRP 1.8 400 26 11 x 10 -6 0.3
ALUMINIUM 2.7 250 70 23 x 10 -6 170
STEEL 7.8 400 210 12 x 10 -6 40


CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

Highly resistant to weather and aggressive environments

MAINTENANCE FREE

Pultrusion profiles do not rust or corrode
Durable material even outdoors
Stable, thermal variations do not affect it

MECHANICAL STRENGTH

High mechanical properties
Flexible materials

LIGHT IN WEIGHT

The composite’s weight is 4 times less than steel, making it easier to assemble

ELECTRICAL ISOLATION

Dielectric material
Low conductivity

TRANSPARENCY

Transparent to electromagnetic waves
Does not generate interference to radio frequency waves

DESIGN FLEXIBILITY

The pultrusion process allows the manufacture of profiles with complex geometries, making easy the profiles’ customization

FIRE RETARDANT PROPERTIES

Possibility to meet fire and smoke demanding standards

TECHNICAL DATA

GRP technical data of profiles may vary depending on the geometry and thickness of the profile and also depending on the type, orientation and weight of the fiber reinforcement used.

Tecnipul recommendation is to validate the suitability of the profile for each application.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES VALUE UNITS
Specific weight 1,8 - 2,0 gr / cm3
Glass content 45 - 80 %
Water absorption < 1 % Weight

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES VALUE UNITS
Barcol Hardness > 40 ---
Notched IZOD Impact > 200 kj / m2
Longitudinal Transversal
Tensile Strength 200 - 550 10 - 70 MPa
Flexural Strength 170 - 240 10 - 70 MPa
Compressive Strength 170 - 450 10 - 70 MPa
Tensile Modulus 20.000 - 42.000 6.000 - 12.000 MPa
Compressive Modulus 25.000 - 39.000 8.000 - 16.000 MPa
Flexural Modulus 23.000 - 43.000 7.000 - 18.000 MPa
Elongation at break 1,5 - 2 %

ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES VALUE UNITS
Dielectric Strength 4 - 9 kV / cm3
Dielectric Constant at 50 Hz 4 - 6 ---
Superior Insulation Resistence 1010 / 1013 Ω
Thermal Conductivity 0.2 - 0.6 W / (k·m)
Specific Heat 1,0 - 1,2 kJ / (kg · K)
Coefficient of Linear expansion 12 - 17 1/ ºC · 10-6
Temperature Resistance -100 / 155 ºC
Critical temperature under load >200 ºC

FLAME RETARDANT CERTIFICATES

The compound’s composition adapts to the use and/or destination of the profile, meeting the most demanding fire and smoke standards.

There is a wide variety of fire and smoke standards, depending on the use and/or destination of the pultrusion profile.

The results get by our fiberglass profiles are:

CERTIFICACIONES IGNÍFUGAS
NORMATIVE LABORATORY TESTS
Euroclases UNE EN 13501-1:2007 Bs2d0
EN 45545 EN 45545 HL2, HL3
FSI Index
SD Index
Classification
ASTM E 84 <25
<450
Class 1
Reaction to fire NF F 16.101 M1
M2
Reaction to fire UNE EN 23727:1990 M1
M2
Fire test BS 476: Part 7:1997 Class 2
Smoke Density Test
Smoke Tixicity Test
Classification
BS 6853: 1999 Annex D.8.6
BS 6853: 1999 Annex B.2

Ao (max)=183
R(max)=0.42
Ia
Spread of fire ASTM E 162 ls=10
ls=35
Smoke Density ASTM E 662 With the pilot flame:
D (1.5) = 0,17
D (4.0) = 5,28
Flameless:
D (1.5) = 0,00
D (4.0) = 1,15
D (max) = 206,17
Toxic gas concentration BSS 7239 Average (mg/m3):
CO = 24,34
SO2 = 0
HCI = 0.21
HF = 0.03
HCN = 0
NBr = 0
NOx = 0


TOLERANCES

According to the UNE EN ISO 13706-2 standard, the tolerances applied to our GRP profiles are the following.

PROPIETY

Wall thickness of open and closed profiles
TOLERANCE

Nominal Dimensions (mm)
THICKNESS S S1
0 a 2 ± 0,15 ± 10%
2 a 5 ± 0,20 ± 0,30
5 a 10 ± 0,35 ± 0,30
Cross directional flatness
Tolerances
T < 0,008 x B mm
Profile height and flange width
Nominal Dimensions (mm)
A y B ± 0,5 5 with a minimum of ± 0,20 mm and a maximum ┴ 0,75 mm
Angle Dimension
Tolerance
α ± 1,5º
Straightness
Tolerance (B y H are total dimensions of width and height)
D < 0,002 x L² for the sections with B o H < 50 mm
D < 0,001 x L² for the sections with B o H ≥ 50 y < 100 mm
D < 0,005 x L² for the sections with B o H ≥ 100 mm
Where D & L are given in metres
Twist
Cutting Length: -0 + 50 mm
Perpendicularity in the cut: ± 1,5º
Tolerance
V < 1,5 º per metre maximum for thickness < 5 mm
V < 1,0 º per metre maximum for thickness ≥ 5 mm
D < 0,005 x L² for the sections with B o H ≥ 100 mm
Where D & L are given in metres


Contact Tecnipul


TECNIPUL SL is engaged to the manufacture of Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GRP) profiles using the pultrusion method, both of our own design and of our customer’s one.

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